\(R_{12}=\dfrac{R_1R_2}{R_1+R_2}=\dfrac{4\cdot4}{4+4}=2\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_{34}=R_3+R_4=3+5=8\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_{345}=\dfrac{R_5R_{34}}{R_5+R_{34}}=\dfrac{8\cdot8}{8+8}=4\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_{tđ}=R_{12}+R_{345}=2+4=6\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(I_{12}=I_{345}=I=\dfrac{U}{R_{tđ}}=\dfrac{12}{6}=2\left(A\right)\)

\(U_1=U_2=U_{12}=I_{12}\cdot R_{12}=2\cdot2=4\left(V\right)\)

\(U_5=U_{34}=U_{345}=I_{345}\cdot R_{345}=2\cdot4=8\left(V\right)\)

\(I_1=\dfrac{U_1}{R_1}=\dfrac{4}{4}=1\left(A\right)\)

\(I_2=\dfrac{U_2}{R_2}=\dfrac{4}{4}=1\left(A\right)\)

\(I_3=I_4=I_{34}=\dfrac{U_{34}}{R_{34}}=\dfrac{8}{8}=1\left(A\right)\)

\(I_5=\dfrac{U_5}{R_5}=\dfrac{8}{8}=1\left(A\right)\)

a. \(R=R1+\left(\dfrac{R2\cdot R3}{R2+R3}\right)=15+\left(\dfrac{10\cdot10}{10+10}\right)=20\Omega\)

b. \(I=I1=I23=\dfrac{U}{R}=\dfrac{2,8}{20}=0,14A\left(R1ntR23\right)\)

\(U23=U2=U3=I23\cdot R23=0,14\cdot\left(\dfrac{10\cdot10}{10+10}\right)=0,7V\left(R2\backslash\backslash R3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}I2=U2:R2=0,7:10=0,07A\\I3=U3:R3=0,7:10=0,07A\end{matrix}\right.\)

R1 R2 R3 \(U_1=18\Omega\Rightarrow I_1=\dfrac{U_1}{R_1}=\dfrac{18}{6}=3A\)

\(\Rightarrow I_{23}=3A\) ta lại có \(R_{23}=\dfrac{R_2.R_3}{R_2+R_3}=\dfrac{15.30}{15+30}=10\Omega\)

\(\Rightarrow U_{23}=I_{23}.R_{23}=3.10=30V\)

\(\Rightarrow U_{23}=U_2=U_3=30V\)

\(\Rightarrow I_2=\dfrac{U_2}{R_2}=2A\) và \(I_3=\dfrac{U_3}{R_3}=1A\)

\(R_{23}=\dfrac{R_2R_3}{R_2+R_3}=\dfrac{15\cdot30}{15+30}=10\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(I_{23}=I_1=\dfrac{U_1}{R_1}=\dfrac{18}{6}=3\left(A\right)\)

\(U_2=U_3=U_{23}=I_{23}\cdot R_{23}=3\cdot10=30\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(I_2=\dfrac{U_2}{R_2}=\dfrac{30}{15}=2\left(A\right)\)

\(I_3=\dfrac{U_3}{R_3}=\dfrac{30}{30}=1\left(A\right)\)

Điện trở tương đương: \(R=\dfrac{R1\left(R2+R3\right)}{R1+R2+R3}=\dfrac{15\left(10+20\right)}{15+10+20}=10\Omega\)

Hiệu điện thế: \(U=R.I=10.0,75=7,5V\)

\(U=U1=U23=7,5V\)(R1//R23)

Cường độ dòng điện I23:

\(I23=U23:R23=7,5:\left(10+20\right)=0,25A\)

\(I23=I2=I3=0,25A\left(R2ntR3\right)\)

Hiệu điện thế R2: \(U2=R2.I2=10.0,25=2,5V\)

a) \(R_{23}=R_2+R_3=10+20=30\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_{tđ}=\dfrac{R_1.R_{23}}{R_1+R_{23}}=\dfrac{15.30}{15+30}=10\left(\Omega\right)\)

b) \(U=U_1=U_{23}=I.R_{tđ}=0,75.10=7,5\left(V\right)\)

\(I_2=I_3=\dfrac{U_{23}}{R_{23}}=\dfrac{7,5}{30}=0,25\left(A\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}U_2=I_2.R_2=0,25.10=2,5\left(A\right)\\U_3=I_3.R_3=0,25.20=5\left(A\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, CĐDĐ qua R₁ :

Ta có: \(I=I_1+I_2\Leftrightarrow I_1=I-I_2=1,2-0,4=0,8\left(A\right)\)

b, HĐT giữa 2 đầu R₁:

Ta có: \(I_1=\dfrac{U_1}{R_1}\Leftrightarrow U_1=I_1.R_1=0,8.6=4,8\left(V\right)\)

c, Điện trở R₂:

   \(R_2=\dfrac{U_2}{I_2}=\dfrac{U_1}{I_2}=\dfrac{4,8}{0,4}=12\left(\Omega\right)\)

d, Điện trở tđ của mạch:

    \(R_{tđ}=\dfrac{R_1R_2}{R_1+R_2}=\dfrac{6.12}{6+12}=4\left(\Omega\right)\)

a.ta có R1//R2 ⇒I=I1+I2⇒I1=I-I2=1,2-0.4=0,8A
b.U1=I1.R1=0,8.6=4,8V
c.Ta có U=U1=U2=4,8V
R2=\(\dfrac{U2}{I2}=\dfrac{4,8}{0,4}=12\)Ω
d.R tương đương=\(\dfrac{R1.R2}{R1+R2}=\dfrac{6.12}{6+12}=4\)Ω